Creative thinking 
  and the Puppeteer
 
 
  Based
  on
  the
  question
  from
  so
  many
  puppeteers
  ‘how
  do
  we
  start’,
  I
  tried
  to
  outline
  some
  of
  the
  most
  important
  elements
  to
  analyse
  this
  question.
  Fundamental
  to 
  answering
  this
  question
  is
  creative
  thinking.
  Although
  this
  may
  seem
  obvious,
  it
  is
  surprising
  how
  this
  element
  of
  the
  creative
  process
  and
  the
  initial
  planning
  of
  a 
  production are missing. 
  The
  time
  spent
  on
  proper
  planning
  is
  priceless;
  it
  can
  save
  time
  and
  frustration,
  as
  well
  as
  money.
  Although
  most
  of
  us
  subconsciously
  know
  the
  importance
  of
  thinking, 
  production deadlines and other frustrations lead to us not using this valuable resource. So this should always be our starting point. 
  The
  puppet
  theatre
  is
  a
  visual
  theatre
  where
  design
  aesthetics
  have
  the
  greatest
  impact.
  Develop
  design
  projects
  for
  each
  production
  as
  a
  means
  of
  ensuring
  that
  a 
  production
  has
  a
  well
  thought
  out
  cohesive
  overall
  style.
  Pay
  particular
  attention
  to
  the
  body
  language
  of
  the
  puppet
  and
  its
  expressive
  hands
  and
  faces
  that
  can
  be
  read 
  over distances.
  Searching
  for
  new
  methods
  of
  working
  and
  ideas,
  creating
  new
  puppet
  productions
  combines
  two
  important
  elements,
  dramaturgy
  and
  scenography,
  often
  seen
  as
  two 
  separate subjects, in the puppet theatre they work together. Also of the most important ingredients of the puppet theatre invention and a surprise are essential.
  In
  an
  educational
  context
  we
  get
  used
  to
  dealing
  with
  scientific
  ideas
  developed
  to
  solve
  problems;
  the
  puppet
  theatre
  is
  no
  different.
  Creative
  and
  rational
  thinking
  is 
  essential
  to
  achieving
  aims
  and
  objectives
  required
  by
  the
  demands
  of
  the
  established
  idea.
  New
  and
  effective
  ideas
  are
  the
  result
  of
  the
  pleasure
  and
  a
  sense
  of 
  achievement in discovering them and applying them to a production that really works. 
  Ideas
  come
  in
  many
  ways,
  shapes
  and
  forms
  and
  can
  be
  applied
  to
  many
  aspects
  of
  a
  production,
  and
  they
  are
  directly
  linked
  to
  the
  imagination
  and
  creativity
  of
  the 
  individuals
  involved
  in
  the
  creative
  process
  of
  producing
  new
  and
  original
  work.
  Thinking,
  and
  the
  development
  of
  a
  logical
  train
  of
  thought
  to
  test,
  and
  realise
  ideas
  or 
  concepts
  is
  essential.
  Everyone
  is
  different
  and
  has
  different
  ways
  of
  thinking
  and
  working,
  even
  so,
  thinking,
  logic
  and
  reasoning
  are
  essential
  to
  achieving
  desired 
  results. 
  Invention
  has
  resulted
  in
  virtually
  everything
  that
  we
  make
  use
  of
  in
  our
  daily
  lives,
  why
  shouldn’t
  invention
  be
  a
  fundamental
  requirement
  in
  the
  creation
  of
  new
  work 
  and
  ideas
  for
  puppet
  theatre
  production.
  The
  discoveries
  that
  we
  make
  during
  the
  creative
  process
  enriches
  both
  the
  creative
  team
  and
  the
  audiences
  who
  are
  the
  prime 
  receivers of our efforts. 
  New
  and
  innovative
  work
  and
  ideas
  will
  always
  be
  needed
  to
  ensure
  the
  future
  of
  the
  ancient
  art
  and
  craft
  of
  the
  puppet
  theatre
  and
  future
  generations
  of
  puppeteers. 
  Generations
  of
  creative
  artists
  of
  all
  disciplines
  have
  left
  us
  a
  legacy
  of
  inspirational
  material
  and
  ideas
  that
  generate
  new
  thinking
  and
  ideas,
  but
  most
  puppeteers
  make 
  very little use of them. Without new ideas the puppet theatre will never survive. New ideas will only secure a future, and the basis for new developments. 
  New
  and
  innovative
  work
  and
  ideas
  enable
  us
  to
  find
  simpler
  and
  more
  efficient
  ways
  of
  working
  and
  producing
  more
  inspiring
  productions.
  Creating
  new
  work
  is
  an 
  expression
  or
  evidence
  of
  the
  human
  soul
  that
  inspires
  and
  entertains
  people.
  Finding
  new
  and
  innovative
  ideas
  is
  a
  fundamental
  part
  of
  the
  creative
  thinking
  process. 
  Many of the finest puppet productions deal with the greatest ideas and ideals of human kind and explore the beliefs and values of individuals. 
  The
  puppet
  theatre
  is
  a
  composite
  of
  languages
  of
  expression,
  and
  not
  just
  words,
  or
  the
  spoken
  word.
  Words
  can
  have
  many
  connotations
  and
  different
  meanings.
  One 
  of
  the
  basic
  techniques
  used
  preparing
  puppet
  theatre
  productions
  is
  that
  of
  a
  brainstorming
  exercise
  using
  single
  words,
  or
  combinations
  of
  words,
  related
  to
  a
  topic. 
  Invented
  language,
  vocal
  sound
  patterns,
  or
  the
  use
  of
  single
  words
  by
  applying
  a
  range
  of
  intonations
  to
  express
  different
  meanings
  and
  emotions.
  Use
  visual
  imagery 
  for inspiration. 
  In
  the
  same
  way
  as
  you
  take
  a
  line
  for
  walk,
  take
  a
  word
  for
  a
  walk.
  When
  creating
  characters,
  give
  them
  a
  history
  before
  trying
  to
  develop
  dialogue.
  Watch
  and
  listen
  to 
  characters
  in
  different
  situations.
  Listen
  to
  the
  speech
  patterns
  and
  rhythms.
  Malapropisms
  are
  interesting,
  as
  are
  combined
  words.
  I
  well
  remember
  a
  Polish
  puppeteer 
  using the non-existent word ‘entwitched’. Meaning entertained and bewitched. 
  When
  identifying
  an
  argument
  to
  develop
  or
  putting
  a
  series
  of
  ideas
  or
  arguments
  together
  to
  provide
  a
  line
  of
  reasoning,
  keep
  it
  as
  objective
  and
  simple
  as
  possible. 
  Find
  arguments
  that
  can
  provide
  for
  the
  development
  of
  ideas
  being
  proposed.
  Avoid
  elaborate
  dialogues,
  the
  puppet
  cannot
  sustain
  them.
  How
  can
  you
  use
  visual 
  expressions
  to
  project
  ideas?
  When
  starting
  out
  to
  develop
  a
  scenario
  use
  the
  basis
  of
  the
  well
  made
  play;
  a
  beginning,
  where
  all
  of
  the
  characters
  and
  actions
  are 
  introduced
  at
  a
  slow
  pace;
  middle,
  where
  dramatic
  conflicts
  are
  developed;
  and
  an
  end,
  where
  conflicts
  are
  resolved
  and
  ultimately
  end
  in
  peace.
  This
  is
  based
  on
  an 
  ancient Japanese structure Jo-Ha-Kyu to be found in all Japanese arts and theatre performance. 
  The
  process
  of
  creative
  thinking
  in
  the
  development
  of
  a
  puppet
  theatre
  production
  can
  often
  be
  a
  solitary
  experience
  unless
  there
  is
  a
  collaborative
  creative
  team.
  The 
  puppet
  theatre
  can
  also
  suffer
  from
  the
  lack
  of
  well
  informed
  critics
  fully
  conversant
  with
  the
  development
  of
  the
  puppet
  theatre
  and
  the
  finest
  examples
  of
  puppet 
  theatre productions.
  In
  most
  cases
  puppet
  theatre
  productions
  lack
  the
  luxury
  of
  a
  director
  or
  experienced
  artistic
  leader
  whose
  selective
  eye,
  and
  cultured
  mind,
  not
  only
  shapes
  the 
  production,
  but
  also
  functions
  as
  the
  intermediary
  between
  the
  production
  and
  the
  audience
  that
  has
  a
  substantial
  role
  to
  play
  as
  part
  collaborator
  in
  the
  process.
  When 
  the
  production
  leaves
  the
  rehearsal
  space
  where
  the
  works
  structure
  has
  been
  created.
  The
  meeting
  of
  production
  and
  audience
  for
  the
  first
  time
  is
  the
  start
  of
  another 
  part of the process of the evolution of a work which should change to continue to keep it alive. 
  Where
  there
  is
  no
  director,
  the
  competent
  arts
  critic
  can
  be
  invaluable
  to
  perform
  the
  role
  of
  intermediary
  between
  actor/puppeteer
  and
  the
  audience.
  For
  many
  years 
  there have been discussions about the role of the critic and the puppet theatre and many puppeteers have expressed the view that puppet theatre doesn’t need them.
   
  A check list:
  Keep note books, sketch books, and albums of inspirational pictorial references and ideas.
  Study cartoons and caricatures.
  Thinking clearly, logically and creatively is fundamental to a successful result.
  Conceptualise. I have a concept, but do I have the knowledge, skills and experience to realise it?
  Do a SWAT assessment (strengths, weaknesses opportunities and threats) 
  Develop a sense of ownership
  Use reasoning and memory recall, calculative reasoning.
  There is no one way of doing things.
  Learn through self discovery. Self realisation.
  Apply what you think and learn.
  Value first thoughts and ideas.
  Learn
  to
  think
  effectively;
  learn
  to
  make
  connections
  between
  different
  thoughts
  and
  experiences.
  Memory
  recall
  is
  essential
  in
  the
  process
  of
  development
  and
  discovery 
  and the understanding of concepts. Think outside the box – the one that you usually inhabit.
  Develop a logical approach to research and discovery. Critical and analytic thinking is important.
  Make thinking time. It is an integral part of the process of developing ideas. Develop thinking time without distractions. Evaluate your thinking time – what did you learn?
  Where
  do
  you
  think
  that
  you
  might
  go
  next?
  What
  could
  or
  should
  be
  done
  next?
  Keep
  on
  questioning.
  How
  could
  it
  be
  done
  differently?
  How
  could
  it
  be
  done
  better? 
  How well does the project work?
  Seek inspiration from the riches that we are surrounded by.
  Use inanimate objects to discover their inner actions, lives, motivation and language. What are inanimate objects trying to tell you; their structural language?
  Think of different and exciting ways of approaching ideas and concepts.
  Use
  the
  basic
  three
  part
  structure
  of
  the
  well
  made
  play.
  The
  beginning
  where
  the
  main
  characters
  are
  introduced;
  the
  middle
  where
  conflicts
  develop;
  the
  end
  where
  the 
  conflicts are resolved.
  Word
  limits.
  Don’t
  ‘do’
  what
  you
  can
  say
  better,
  don’t
  ‘say’
  what
  you
  can
  do
  better.
  Create
  word
  pictures.
  Use
  ‘doing
  words’.
  Words
  that
  can
  be
  visualised
  and 
  physicalised. Turn words into pictures. Focus on images and body language. The importance of editing – try to say things with only 50% of what you have written.
  Study all forms of music and the importance of music in the puppet theatre. Listen to music – not normally the type of music that you usually listen to.
  Doodle – take the line for a walk.
  Try not to create puppet characters that humans can do better. Look for puppetesque qualities.
  Study the different dance, mime and movement techniques.
  Always ask three key questions. Why do I want to do it? How am I going to do it? For whom am I going to do it?
  Remember that the audience is part collaborator in the development of a successful performance.
  Give the audience what they want and more.
  The
  puppet
  theatre,
  in
  all
  of
  its
  forms
  and
  function
  is
  the
  central
  means
  of
  expression.
  When
  perfuming
  with
  a
  puppet
  neutralise
  yourself
  to
  avoid
  distraction
  during
  their 
  performance.
  Learn to be self-critical. Get feedback. Explain or discuss your ideas with others – children are great critics.
  Remember that the actor in the puppet theatre requires a wide range of performance skills.
  Discover the roles and functions of the actor on the puppet stage.
  Take risks – make each project a challenge.
  Don’t copy. If you cannot improve on an idea don’t copy it.
  Don’t deliver studio workshops for a paying audience.
  Be passionate about what you do.
  Beware of fashionable tendencies.
  Most
  puppeteers
  lack
  good
  vocal
  skills.
  There
  are
  many
  ways
  of
  developing
  a
  sonorous
  voice.
  There
  are
  many
  basic
  voice
  training
  programmes
  on
  the
  internet,
  also
  good 
  voice workshops available elsewhere. Make use of them.
  Learn the basics of stage craft and the craftsmanship of performance.
  Maintain production values; study these values in other forms of entertainment.
  Study the vast riches of the discoveries of previous generations of puppeteers worldwide.
  Develop a passion for the art and craft of the puppet theatre.
  There is no success without endless hard work and rehearsal.
  Add something new no matter how insignificant.
  John M. Blundall
  August 2010